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An aging population has prompted us to evaluate the indications of liver transplantation (LT) in elderly patients more frequently. In this review, we summarize the short- and long-term results after LT in elderly patients and also discuss the criteria used to select patients and how recipient age can challenge current allocation systems. Briefly, the feasibility and early outcomes of LT in elderly patients compare favorably with those of younger patients. Although long-term survival is less than satisfactory, large-scale studies show that the transplant survival benefit is similar for elderly and younger patients. Therefore, age alone does not contraindicate LT; however, screening for cardiopulmonary comorbidities, and asymptomatic malignancies, evaluating nutritional status, and frailty, is crucial to ensure optimal results and avoid futile transplantation. 相似文献
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Julie A. Schmidt Georgina K. Fensom Sabina Rinaldi Augustin Scalbert Paul N. Appleby David Achaintre Audrey Gicquiau Marc J. Gunter Pietro Ferrari Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Heiner Boeing Antonia Trichopoulou Anna Karakatsani Eleni Peppa Domenico Palli Sabina Sieri Rosario Tumino Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Antonio Agudo Maria-Jose Sánchez María-Dolores Chirlaque Eva Ardanaz Nerea Larrañaga Aurora Perez-Cornago Nada Assi Elio Riboli Konstantinos K. Tsilidis Timothy J. Key Ruth C. Travis 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(3):720-730
Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the etiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated the association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent prostate cancer risk, using data from 3,057 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We measured 119 metabolite concentrations in plasma samples, collected on average 9.4 years before diagnosis, by mass spectrometry (AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit, Biocrates Life Sciences AG). Metabolite patterns were identified using treelet transform, a statistical method for identification of groups of correlated metabolites. Associations of metabolite patterns with prostate cancer risk (OR1SD) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Supplementary analyses were conducted for metabolite patterns derived using principal component analysis and for individual metabolites. Men with metabolite profiles characterized by higher concentrations of either phosphatidylcholines or hydroxysphingomyelins (OR1SD = 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.89), acylcarnitines C18:1 and C18:2, glutamate, ornithine and taurine (OR1SD = 0.72, 0.57–0.90), or lysophosphatidylcholines (OR1SD = 0.81, 0.69–0.95) had lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer at diagnosis, with no evidence of heterogeneity by follow-up time. Similar associations were observed for the two former patterns with aggressive disease risk (the more aggressive subset of advanced stage), while the latter pattern was inversely related to risk of prostate cancer death (OR1SD = 0.77, 0.61–0.96). No associations were observed for prostate cancer overall or less aggressive tumor subtypes. In conclusion, metabolite patterns may be related to lower risk of more aggressive prostate tumors and prostate cancer death, and might be relevant to etiology of advanced stage prostate cancer. 相似文献
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Bridges Robert L. Cho Christina S. Beck Marc R. Gessner Bradford D. Tower Stephen S. 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2020,47(8):1961-1970
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging - Imaging studies of cobalt toxicity from cobalt-chromium alloy arthroprosthetics have focused on the local intra-articular and... 相似文献
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Renée T. Fortner Anika Hüsing Laure Dossus Anne Tjønneland Kim Overvad Christina C. Dahm Patrick Arveux Agnès Fournier Marina Kvaskoff Matthias B. Schulze Manuela Bergmann Antonia Trichopoulou Anna Karakatsani Carlo La Vecchia Giovanna Masala Valeria Pala Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Fulvio Ricceri Carla H. van Gils Evelyn M. Monninkhof Catalina Bonet José Ramón Quirós Maria-Jose Sanchez Daniel-Ángel Rodríguez-Palacios Aurelio B Gurrea Pilar Amiano Naomi E. Allen Ruth C. Travis Marc J. Gunter Vivian Viallon Elisabete Weiderpass Elio Riboli Rudolf Kaaks 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(5):1325-1333
Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence rates vary ~10-fold worldwide, in part due to variation in EC risk factor profiles. Using an EC risk model previously developed in the European EPIC cohort, we evaluated the prevention potential of modified EC risk factor patterns and whether differences in EC incidence between a European population and low-risk countries can be explained by differences in these patterns. Predicted EC incidence rates were estimated over 10 years of follow-up for the cohort before and after modifying risk factor profiles. Risk factors considered were: body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), use of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) and oral contraceptives (OC) (potentially modifiable); and, parity, ages at first birth, menarche and menopause (environmentally conditioned, but not readily modifiable). Modeled alterations in BMI (to all ≤23 kg/m2) and HT use (to all non-HT users) profiles resulted in a 30% reduction in predicted EC incidence rates; individually, longer duration of OC use (to all ≥10 years) resulted in a 42.5% reduction. Modeled changes in not readily modifiable exposures (i.e., those not contributing to prevention potential) resulted in ≤24.6% reduction in predicted EC incidence. Women in the lowest decile of a risk score based on the evaluated exposures had risk similar to a low risk countries; however, this was driven by relatively long use of OCs (median = 23 years). Our findings support avoidance of overweight BMI and of HT use as prevention strategies for EC in a European population; OC use must be considered in the context of benefits and risks. 相似文献
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Advantages of Anti-Inflammatory Acupuncture in Treating Sepsis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 下载免费PDF全文
Guan-Yuan Jin Louis Lei Jin Jin Zheng Belinda Jie He 《World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》2020,(2)
Background: Sepsisis one of the mostserious complications and a leading cause of death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
In general, it isthe result of an unregulated inflammatory cascade such as a postinfection “cytokine storm.” The conventional treatment mainly
relies on glucocorticoids, of which curative effects are not ideal, as they come with significant side effects. It is critical to seek or develop other
effective therapeutics in dealing cytokine storm to fight COVID-19 with sepsis. Aims and Objectives: Raise awareness of the significance
applying anti-inflammatory acupuncture in dealing COVID-19 patients with sepsis and provide an appropriate acupuncture protocol that can be
easily integrated into existing medical guideline. Materials and Methods: Current evidences from animal experiments and clinical trials about
acupuncture in treating infectious sepsis are reviewed, and a detailed discussion on advantages of anti?inflammatory acupuncture is followed,
then the rationality on the point selection and stimulation parameters of acupuncture is analyzed to propose an appropriate acupuncture protocol.
Results: Current experiments have shown that acupuncture can play a significant role to improve inflammation reaction and reduce mortality
in infectious animal and patients with sepsis and its mechanisms are mainly achieved by stimulating the vagus?cholinergic anti?inflammatory
pathways.Applying acupuncture in treating COVID-19 patients with sepsis hasfour aspects of advantages. Moreover, a simple and convenient
clinical acupuncture protocol including point selection and appropriate stimulation parameters is proposed. Conclusion: Acupuncture,
especially electroacupuncture, has shown potentials in effectively treating infectious sepsis of animal models and critically ill patients in small
sample studies by stimulating the nervous system, but has been largely overlooked in the clinic so far. It is advised that acupuncture should
be integrated into the existing medical guidelines in dealing with COVID-19 complicated with sepsis. 相似文献
40.
Overbeek Kasper A. Cahen Djuna L. Kamps Anne Konings Ingrid C. A. W. Harinck Femme Kuenen Marianne A. Koerkamp Bas Groot Besselink Marc G. van Eijck Casper H. Wagner Anja Ausems Margreet G. E. van der Vlugt Manon Fockens Paul Vleggaar Frank P. Poley Jan-Werner van Hooft Jeanin E. Bleiker Eveline M. A. Bruno Marco J. 《Familial cancer》2020,19(3):247-258
Familial Cancer - In high-risk individuals participating in a pancreatic cancer surveillance program, worrisome features warrant for intensified surveillance or, occasionally, surgery. Our... 相似文献